What is Networking ? Type of Networking

A Computer Networking is a group of computers and electronic devices, connected through a data communication system.  A computer network facilitates the sharing of hardware and software resources. Networking allows the user to share data files, software, hardware devices like printers, modems, etc.


Type of Networking
 
1. Local Area Networking (LAN)
 
When two or  more electronic devices are connected within a small area like a room, or an office building , campus it is known as Local Area Network. LAN has a maximum range of 10 Kilometers and 2 to 1000 computers can connect through LAN.
Two or more computer can be connected
Cables is used to connect the computer

2. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
 
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) covers much more area than LAN, it is spreaded across the City. One of the common examples of MAN is Cable Television Network. MAN has the range of 50 Km.

3. Wide Area Network (WAN)
 
Wide Area Network (WAN) is used for telecommunication, satellite signals, here two or more computers located far away places can communicate with each other. The most common example of Wide Area Network (WAN) is the Internet which is used throughout the globe.


Network Components

• Server
• Client
• Network Interface Card
• Modem
• HUB
• Switch
• Repeater
• Router
• Gateway
• Bridge 

Transmission Medium
 
(Wired Media) 

• Ethernet Cables 
• Coaxial Cables 
• Optical Fiber Cables

(Wireless Media)

• Satellite
• WiMax
• Microwave
• Radio Wave
• Bluetooth
• Wi-Fi

Network Protocols
There are certain rules which say how data should be transfer over network compressed, presented on the screen.

Network Protocol Features
 
1. TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocols is used to connect various computers on the Internet. It provides end-to-end data communication.

2. HTTP
HyperText Transfer Protocol or HTTP determines how different programs exchange data over the Internet.

3. FTP
File Transfer Protocol or FTP is the standard Internet Protocol, this protocol is simple and easiest way to exchange files between two or more device over the Internet.

4. SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol or SMTP is the most common protocol used for sending emails between the servers.